Osteoporosis occurs when bones lose minerals such as calcium quicker than the body can replace them. Our bones are constantly being broken down and rebuilt, but as we age, the balance between bone breakdown and bone formation starts to shift. For people with osteoporosis, bone breakdown outpaces bone formation, leading to bones that are porous, thin, and more prone to fractures.
This condition is more common than you might think. It affects millions of people worldwide, and while it can affect both men and women, it’s more prevalent in women, particularly post-menopausal women. This is because oestrogen, a hormone that helps protect bones, decreases sharply during menopause, leading to a rapid reduction in bone density.
But osteoporosis isn’t just a concern for older women. Men and younger people can also be affected. Factors like genetics, diet, lifestyle, and certain medical conditions or medications can increase the risk of developing osteoporosis. For instance, a diet low in calcium and vitamin D, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and a sedentary lifestyle can all contribute to bone loss.
Hormonal changes play a crucial role in osteoporosis. Sex hormones, such as oestrogen and testosterone, have a fundamental role in maintaining bone strength in men and women. The fall in oestrogen that occurs during menopause results in accelerated bone loss. During the first five years after menopause, the average woman loses up to 10 per cent of her total body bone mass.
The most common and reliable test for diagnosing osteoporosis is a bone density scan, also known as a DEXA (Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) scan. It’s a quick and painless procedure that measures the density of your bones, typically in the hip and spine, which are common sites for osteoporosis-related fractures. The results will give your doctor an idea of your bone strength and whether you have osteoporosis or are at risk of developing it.
Prevention starts with building strong bones early in life. This means a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, regular weight-bearing exercises like walking, running, or lifting weights, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol. For those at higher risk, medical treatments are available that can help strengthen bones and reduce the risk of fractures.
For people who already have osteoporosis, the focus is on preventing falls and fractures. This might involve medication to slow bone loss or even build new bone, as well as lifestyle changes to reduce fall risk, like making sure the home is free of tripping hazards and using assistive devices if necessary.
How can Osteopath assist?
Osteopaths can play a supportive role in managing osteoporosis by focusing on improving your overall mobility, posture, and muscle strength, which are crucial in reducing the risk of falls and fractures. Hands-on techniques work to improve joint mobility and relieve muscle tension.
Additionally, our osteopaths can guide you in performing safe, effective exercises tailored to your needs. These exercises often focus on weight-bearing activities, which are vital for maintaining bone density, and strength training to support the muscles around your bones.
We can also provide advice on lifestyle factors and tips on fall prevention at home. While we don’t treat osteoporosis directly, our holistic approach can complement other treatments, helping you maintain a better quality of life and reduce the risk of complications associated with osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis is a condition that affects more than just your bones—it can impact your entire quality of life. But with early detection and the right approach, it’s possible to manage osteoporosis and maintain an active, healthy lifestyle. Regular check-ups with the GP, bone density tests, and a proactive approach to bone health can make all the difference. Remember, it’s never too late—or too early—to start taking care of your bones. After all, they’re the foundation of everything you do!
